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ENCE 205Bachelor in Civil Engineering · Semester 32 Papers Available

Concrete Technology

Past examination question papers and complete curriculum syllabus for Concrete Technology (ENCE 205), Bachelor in Civil Engineering Semester 3 under Institute of Engineering (IOE), Tribhuvan University.

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Most Frequently Asked Questions

Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Concrete Technology with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.

Showing 30 of 30 top repeated questions

Concrete and Constituents of Concrete

6 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Concrete and Constituents of Concrete
Explain the cause, effect and remedial measures of bulking of sand. Classify aggregates based on texture and shape, and explain the importance of grading of aggregates in concrete.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Concrete and Constituents of Concrete
Explain the hydration mechanism of cement and the properties of Bogue's compounds. How do pozzolanic admixtures interact chemically with cement paste to contribute to long-term strength and durability?
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2079 Bhadra2078 Kartik2075 Ashwin
#3Repeated 4 Times[6 Marks]Concrete and Constituents of Concrete
Differentiate between additives and admixtures. Describe the different types of chemical admixtures used in concrete (superplasticizers, retarders, accelerators, and air-entraining agents) with their specific applications.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2074 Chaitra
#4Repeated 4 Times[6 Marks]Concrete and Constituents of Concrete
Describe concrete as a three-phase system and explain the microstructure of the Interfacial Transition Zone (ITZ) and hydrated cement paste (HCP) and its effects on concrete strength and permeability.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2076 Ashwin
#5Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Concrete and Constituents of Concrete
Explain Chemical Admixtures in concrete: Plasticizers and Superplasticizers (High Range Water Reducers), Accelerators ($CaCl_2$), Retarders (Gypsum, Sugar), and Air-Entraining Agents. Explain their dispersion and electrostatic repulsion mechanisms.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2077 Magh
#6Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Concrete and Constituents of Concrete
Explain Mineral Admixtures (Supplementary Cementitious Materials): Fly Ash, Silica Fume (Microsilica), Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBS), and Rice Husk Ash. Explain the secondary pozzolanic reaction with free calcium hydroxide $Ca(OH)_2$.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations

6 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[4 Marks]Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations
Discuss segregation and bleeding during concreting operations, their causes, pros and cons, and preventive measures.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2082 Bhadra2078 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations
Explain the concept of workability of fresh concrete and factors influencing it. Describe the slump test, compaction factor test, and Vee-Bee consistometer test.
Appeared in:2082 Kartik2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2079 Bhadra2075 Ashwin
#3Repeated 5 Times[5 Marks]Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations
Explain the importance of curing of concrete structures. Describe different methods of curing and discuss the precautions to be exercised during hot-weather and cold-weather concreting.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2082 Bhadra2081 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2074 Ashwin
#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations
Define Workability of fresh concrete. Describe factors affecting workability and compare measurement methods: Slump test, Compacting Factor test, Vee-Bee Consistometer test, and Flow table test.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2077 Magh
#5Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations
Explain Segregation and Bleeding in fresh concrete: definitions, causes, consequences on concrete permeability and durability, and preventive measures.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra
#6Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations
Explain Concreting Operations: Batching (Volume vs Weigh batching), Mixing (Machine mixing time), Transportation, Compaction (Internal needle vibrators vs Surface vibrators), and Curing methods.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

Mix Design of Concrete

4 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Mix Design of Concrete
Write down the stepwise procedure for concrete mix design as per the IS 10262 method, including calculation of target mean strength, water-cement ratio, water content, and aggregate proportions.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2073 Shrawan
#2Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Mix Design of Concrete
Describe the stepwise procedure for concrete mix design by the DOE (Department of Environment, UK) method with schematic diagrams and reference curves.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2079 Bhadra2076 Ashwin
#3Repeated 4 Times[4 Marks]Mix Design of Concrete
Why are trial mixes important before concreting in actual structures? Explain how design mixes differ from nominal mixes and standard mixes.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2078 Kartik2075 Ashwin
#4Repeated 3 Times[10 Marks]Mix Design of Concrete
Design a concrete mix for M25 / M30 grade concrete according to IS 10262 guidelines. Given target characteristic strength, standard deviation, exposure conditions, maximum aggregate size, and specific gravities, calculate proportion of cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2078 Kartik

Properties of Hardened Concrete

7 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
How does the height-to-diameter ratio of cylindrical specimens affect the measured compressive strength of concrete in comparison to cube specimens? Describe the split tensile strength test of concrete.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Bhadra2081 Baishakh2079 Bhadra2074 Chaitra
#2Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
Describe the elastic behavior of hardened concrete. Explain the static and dynamic modulus of elasticity, creep, and shrinkage in concrete, and the effect of gel-space ratio on strength.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra
#3Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
Clarify porosity and permeability with suitable illustrations. Describe the physical and chemical causes of concrete deterioration, including alkali-aggregate reaction, sulfate attack, and carbonation.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Bhadra2081 Bhadra2078 Kartik2075 Ashwin
#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
Explain the concept of Water-Cement Ratio and Abram's Law: compressive strength $S = \frac{A}{B^{w/c}}$. Discuss the effect of water-cement ratio and degree of compaction on compressive strength and durability of concrete.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2078 Bhadra
#5Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
Explain Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength ($f_{ct} = \frac{2P}{\pi L D}$), and Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture $f_{cr} = 0.7\sqrt{f_{ck}}$) of hardened concrete. Explain the non-linear stress-strain relationship of concrete under uniaxial compression.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2078 Bhadra
#6Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
Explain Creep and Shrinkage in concrete: plastic shrinkage, drying shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, and carbonation shrinkage. Describe factors influencing creep strain and its structural consequences on prestress loss and deflection.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2076 Chaitra
#7Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Properties of Hardened Concrete
Explain Durability of concrete: Sulfate attack, Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR / Alkali-Silica Reaction ASR), Carbonation of concrete, and Corrosion of reinforcing steel with cathodic and anodic electrochemical reactions.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and Quality Control

4 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Under what circumstances is non-destructive testing (NDT) of concrete carried out? Explain the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test and rebound hammer test in detail, highlighting their limitations.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2082 Kartik2081 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2074 Ashwin
#2Repeated 4 Times[5 Marks]Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Explain Quality Control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) in concrete construction. Discuss the statistical quality control parameters and acceptance criteria for compressive strength of concrete as per standard codes.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Bhadra2076 Ashwin
#3Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Describe Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) of concrete structures: Rebound Hammer Test (Schmidt hammer) for surface hardness and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test for internal cracks, voids, and homogeneity.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2078 Kartik
#4Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Explain Quality Control in concrete construction: Characteristic Strength ($f_{ck}$), Target Mean Strength ($f_{tm} = f_{ck} + 1.65\sigma$), acceptance criteria, and standard deviation control charts.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

Special Types of Concretes

3 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Special Types of Concretes
Discuss emerging concrete technologies. Explain the composition, properties, and applications of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC), Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), and High-Performance Concrete (HPC).
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2081 Chaitra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra
#2Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Special Types of Concretes
Explain Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC): Definition, filling ability, passing ability, segregation resistance, and test methods (Slump-flow, V-funnel, L-box test).
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Chaitra2078 Bhadra
#3Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Special Types of Concretes
Explain High Performance Concrete (HPC), Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), Ready-Mix Concrete (RMC), and Light-Weight Concrete with their key advantages and engineering applications.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

Curriculum Syllabus & Course Topics

Sourced from TU curriculum portal
Full Syllabus (PDF)
Chapter-wise Units & Micro-Syllabus Topics (6 Units)

  1. 1. Concrete and Constituents of Concrete

    • 1.1Introduction to concrete and use of concrete in structures
    • 1.2Constituents of concrete
    • 1.2.1Aggregates (Properties and their gradation)
    • 1.2.2Cement: Compound composition of cement (Bogue’s compound) and their properties, hydration of cement, strength of cement
    • 1.2.3Water (Quality/requirements of water for concrete)
    • 1.2.4Admixtures: Chemical admixtures and mineral admixtures, use of chemical admixtures (Plasticizers, Super-plasticizers, accelerator, retarder, air entraining agents, water proofer), properties, use and different types of mineral admixtures (Fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, rice husk ash, meta-kaolin)
    • 1.3Structure of concrete: Concrete as three phase system (aggregate, hydrated cement paste and transition zone phases)

  2. 2. Properties of Fresh Concrete and Concreting Operations

    • 2.1Water-cement ratio
    • 2.2Workability and its tests (Slump test, compaction factor test, Vee-Bee consistency test, flow table test)
    • 2.3Segregation, bleeding and their effects
    • 2.4Concreting operations (Batching, mixing, handling, placing, compaction, finishing, curing and formwork removal)
    • 2.5Concreting in extreme temperatures and its mitigation
    • 2.6Mass concreting issues and their mitigation

  3. 3. Mix Design of Concrete

    • 3.1Compressive strength of concrete and grade designation
    • 3.2Variability of concrete strength, characteristic strength and grade of concrete
    • 3.3Introduction to nominal Mix
    • 3.4Mix design (IS code, British code, ACI methods)

  4. 4. Properties of Hardened Concrete

    • 4.1Load-deformation behavior of hardened concrete, moduli of elasticity
    • 4.2Shrinkage and creep
    • 4.3Impact, cyclic loading and fatigue
    • 4.4Effect of water cement ratio (Abram’s law, effect of porosity and aggregate size)
    • 4.5Effect of gel/space ratio
    • 4.6Concrete maturity
    • 4.7Durability of concrete: Physical and chemical cause of deterioration, effect of water and permeability, sulphate attack, attack by sea water, alkali silica reaction (AAR/ASR), chloride ion penetration, carbonation, corrosion of steel in concrete

  5. 5. Testing of Concrete, Quality Assurance and Quality Control

    • 5.1Strength of concrete (Tensile, compressive, shear and bond strength)
    • 5.2Compressive strength test
    • 5.3Tensile strength test (Direct, splitting and flexural)
    • 5.4Acceptance criteria
    • 5.5Non-destructive tests (Schmidt rebound hammer test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, and resistivity test)
    • 5.6Quality assurance and quality control; Testing and monitoring

  6. 6. Special Types of Concretes

    • 6.1Light weight concrete (Aerated concrete, cellular concrete, no fines concrete)
    • 6.2High density/heavy weight concrete (Self compacting concrete, ferro- cement concrete)
    • 6.3Fiber reinforced concrete (Steel fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, organic fibers)
    • 6.4Self-healing concrete
    • 6.5High performance concrete (High strength concrete, abrasion resistant concrete)
    • 6.6Emerging concrete technologies

Examination Scheme & Marks Distribution

Evaluation Structure

  • Final Board Theory Exam: 60 Marks (Pass mark: 24)
  • Internal Assessment: 40 Marks (Pass mark: 16)
  • Practical / Lab Exam: 25 or 50 Marks (Continuous lab evaluation + viva, where applicable)

* This is the general current IOE 60/40 scheme; verify course-specific details in the syllabus above.

Exam Preparation Guidelines

  • Review the 2 available past examination papers to identify recurring patterns, core problem types, and chapter weightage.
  • Practice design calculations, standard code provisions, and illustrative cross-section sketches.
  • Structure answers with labeled diagrams, concise bullet points, and highlight final answers in numerical solutions.

Frequently Asked Questions (Concrete Technology)

Q: How can I download Concrete Technology past question papers?

You can preview or download the Concrete Technology question papers (PDF) directly using the built-in viewer on this page with zero redirects or paywalls.

Q: What is the pass mark for Concrete Technology?

The general current scheme is a 60-mark final theory exam and a 40-mark internal assessment, with pass marks of 24 and 16. Verify the course-specific syllabus above.

Q: Where can I find the complete syllabus for this subject?

The available chapter-wise syllabus and topic breakdown is indexed in the Syllabus section above, with links to the curriculum PDF source.

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