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Surveying I

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Most Frequently Asked Questions

Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Surveying I with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.

Showing 30 of 30 top repeated questions

Introduction

2 Questions

#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Introduction

Distinguish between plane surveying and geodetic surveying. State and explain the fundamental principles of surveying: (a) Working from whole to part, and (b) Fixing the position of a new point with respect to at least two known reference points.

Appeared in:2082 Shrawan2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2076 Chaitra

#2Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Introduction

Explain the classification of surveying based on instruments (Chain, Compass, Plane Table, Theodolite, Tacheometer, Total Station) and purpose (Topographical, Cadastral, Engineering, Military, Mine, Hydrographic, Astronomical).

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2079 Chaitra

Distance Measurements

5 Questions

#1Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Distance Measurements

A steel tape of nominal length $30\text{ m}$ standardized at temperature $T_0$ under pull $P_0$ is used in catenary. Derive and calculate corrections for: (a) Absolute length/standardization, (b) Temperature, (c) Pull/tension, (d) Sag ($C_{\text{sag}} = \frac{W^2 L}{24 P^2}$), and (e) Slope correction.

Appeared in:2082 Shrawan2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#2Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Distance Measurements

Classify obstacles in chain surveying: (a) Chaining free, vision obstructed, (b) Vision free, chaining obstructed (river, pond), and (c) Both chaining and vision obstructed (building). Explain methods to overcome each.

Appeared in:2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Distance Measurements

What is ranging in chain surveying? Explain direct ranging and reciprocal (indirect) ranging when the two stations are not intervisible due to an intervening hillock or high ground.

Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Distance Measurements

Derive expressions for tape corrections: (a) Correction for pull/tension: $C_p = \frac{(P - P_0)L}{A E}$, (b) Correction for sag: $C_s = \frac{W^2 L}{24 P^2} = \frac{w^2 L^3}{24 P^2}$, and (c) Normal tension formula where pull correction equals sag correction.

Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#5Repeated 2 Times[6 Marks]Distance Measurements

Explain the working principle of Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) instruments using phase shift measurement and pulse transit time methods. Define trilateration and compare it with triangulation.

Appeared in:2082 Shrawan2081 Bhadra

Basic Surveying Techniques

9 Questions

#1Repeated 4 Times[10 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

In a closed theodolite traverse $ABCDA$, given lengths and corrected bearings or angles, compute consecutive coordinates (Latitude and Departure), closing error ($e = \sqrt{(\sum L)^2 + (\sum D)^2}$), relative precision, and balance the traverse using Bowditch's rule.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Shrawan2081 Bhadra2078 Bhadra

#2Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Explain the field procedure for solving resection problems in plane tabling: (a) Two-point problem, and (b) Three-point problem using Lehmann's method (rules of trial and error) and Bessel's graphical method.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Shrawan2081 Bhadra2078 Bhadra

#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

What are the fundamental lines of a transit theodolite and their desired geometric relationships? Describe the step-by-step procedure for temporary adjustments of a theodolite.

Appeared in:2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2076 Chaitra

#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Describe the methods of measuring horizontal angles with a theodolite: (a) Repetition method, and (b) Reiteration (direction) method with neat field book format. Explain what instrumental errors are eliminated by each method.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Shrawan2078 Bhadra

#5Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Explain the four methods of plane table surveying: Radiation, Intersection, Traversing, and Resection. State the working principle, advantages, and limitations of plane table surveying.

Appeared in:2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2076 Chaitra

#6Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Explain the sources of instrumental, natural, and personal errors in theodolite surveying. Describe how errors due to eccentricity of centers and eccentricity of verniers are eliminated.

Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Chaitra

#7Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Define consecutive coordinates (Latitude and Departure) and independent coordinates (Total Latitude and Departure). Derive the conditions of closure for a closed traverse: $\sum L = 0$ and $\sum D = 0$. Explain Bowditch's and Transit rules of traverse balancing.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra

#8Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Explain how omitted measurements (one line length and bearing missing, or two adjacent line lengths missing) in a closed theodolite traverse are computed analytically.

Appeared in:2081 Bhadra2079 Baishakh2077 Magh

#9Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Basic Surveying Techniques

Explain the Two-Point Problem in plane table surveying. Describe the step-by-step field procedure with neat sketches and explain why the Three-Point Problem is preferred over the Two-Point Problem.

Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2076 Bhadra

Compass Surveying

4 Questions

#1Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Compass Surveying

What is local attraction? In a closed compass traverse $ABCDEA$, given observed fore and back bearings of all lines, identify stations affected by local attraction and calculate corrected magnetic bearings and included angles.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#2Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Compass Surveying

Differentiate between Fore Bearing (FB) and Back Bearing (BB), Whole Circle Bearing (WCB), and Quadrantal Bearing (QB). Convert between WCB and Reduced Bearing (RB) and calculate included angles between adjacent survey lines.

Appeared in:2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Compass Surveying

Compare Prismatic Compass and Surveyor's Compass with neat sketches in terms of graduated circle attachment, sighting mechanism, reading system (WCB vs QB), and tripod requirement.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Chaitra2079 Baishakh

#4Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Compass Surveying

Define magnetic declination, true meridian, magnetic meridian, and arbitrary meridian. If the magnetic bearing of a line is $S 43^\circ 30' E$ and the magnetic declination at the place is $3^\circ 45' W$, determine its true bearing and whole circle bearing.

Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Baishakh2078 Chaitra

Levelling

6 Questions

#1Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Levelling

Differentiate between the Height of Instrument (HI) method and Rise and Fall method of reducing levels. Given consecutive staff readings with change points and benchmark elevation, compute reduced levels (RL) and perform arithmetic checks.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Shrawan2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#2Repeated 4 Times[6 Marks]Levelling

What is profile levelling and cross-section levelling? Explain the term "balancing of backsight and foresight distances" in levelling operations to eliminate collimation, earth curvature, and atmospheric refraction errors.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra

#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Levelling

Explain the errors and curvature and refraction corrections in spirit levelling: $C_c = 0.0785 d^2$, $C_r = 0.0112 d^2$, and combined correction $C = 0.0673 d^2$ (where $d$ is in km). Calculate the distance to visible horizon from a lighthouse of height 45 m above MSL.

Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

#4Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Levelling

What is an inverted staff reading and when is it employed? In running a fly level line, a backsight of 1.455 m is taken on a BM of RL 150.250 m. A foresight of 2.845 m is taken to an inverted staff held at the bottom of a girder. Find the RL of the girder bottom.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2077 Chaitra

#5Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Levelling

Describe the Two-Peg Test procedure used to detect and eliminate the collimation error in a tilting/dumpy level. How is the line of collimation made parallel to the bubble axis?

Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2075 Bhadra

#6Repeated 2 Times[8 Marks]Levelling

What is reciprocal levelling? Prove that reciprocal levelling eliminates true error due to atmospheric refraction, earth curvature, and imperfect instrument collimation. Calculate the true elevation difference between two stations across a river.

Appeared in:2082 Shrawan2076 Chaitra

Plotting and Mapping

4 Questions

#1Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Plotting and Mapping

What is a Planimeter? Describe the construction, working principle, and mathematical relationship $A = M(F - I \pm 10N + C)$ for measuring area of irregular figures using an Amsler polar planimeter.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Chaitra2078 Bhadra

#2Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Plotting and Mapping

Derive the expression for the volume of a prismoid by Prismoidal formula ($V = \frac{L}{6}(A_1 + 4A_m + A_2)$). Calculate the prismoidal correction ($C_p$) for earthwork in a road embankment between two cross-sections having side slope $s:1$.

Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

#3Repeated 2 Times[6 Marks]Plotting and Mapping

Given offsets taken at regular intervals from a chain line to an irregular boundary, calculate the enclosed area using: (a) Trapezoidal rule, and (b) Simpson's one-third rule.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2080 Baishakh

#4Repeated 2 Times[6 Marks]Plotting and Mapping

Derive the Prismoidal formula and Trapezoidal (End-Area) formula for calculating the volume of earthwork in cuttings and embankments. Explain the prismoidal correction.

Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra