IOE PapersTU
PYQs & Syllabus Archive
Subject Archive1 Paper Available

Hydropower

Past examination question papers available in the PDF viewer below. Review past questions and syllabus units to prepare for your semester final exams.

Past Question Papers (PDF)

Switch tabs to view different exam papers

6th-sem_Hydropower.pdf

IOE Past Examination Paper

Download PDF
Served via fast CDN. Read in full view or download for offline study.
Drive Mirror ↗Direct Download ↓

Document information: This past examination paper is identified as an IOE/TU academic document and was cataloged from a public Google Drive archive. This independent website did not create the examination paper and is not affiliated with TU or IOE.

Rights holders can request correction or removal by emailing subeshgaming@gmail.com with this page URL and supporting details.

Most Frequently Asked Questions

Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Hydropower with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.

Showing 30 of 30 top repeated questions

Introduction and Power Potential

4 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Introduction and Power Potential
Discuss the status, opportunities, and challenges of hydropower development in Nepal. Compare Run-of-River (ROR), Peaking Run-of-River (PROR), and Storage type hydropower plants with neat schematic diagrams.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[10 Marks]Introduction and Power Potential
Define Firm Power, Secondary Power, Installed Capacity, Plant Factor (Capacity Factor), Load Factor, and Utilization Factor. From given monthly streamflow data of a river, plot the Flow Duration Curve (FDC) and Power Duration Curve (PDC) and determine the firm energy, secondary energy, and optimum plant capacity.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra
#3Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Introduction and Power Potential
Explain Flow Duration Curve (FDC) and Power Duration Curve (PDC). How are they constructed from daily/monthly streamflow discharge records, and how is design discharge for Run-of-River (RoR) projects determined?
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2079 Chaitra2076 Chaitra
#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Introduction and Power Potential
Compare Run-of-River (RoR), Peaking Run-of-River (PROR), Storage (Reservoir), and Pumped Storage hydropower schemes with neat schematic layouts and operational characteristics.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

Dams and Headworks

5 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Dams and Headworks
Explain the elementary profile of a concrete gravity dam. Derive the conditions for base width to prevent tension at the heel when the reservoir is full and to prevent sliding at the base.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Baisakh
#2Repeated 5 Times[10 Marks]Dams and Headworks
A concrete gravity dam of height 40 m has a triangular cross-section with vertical upstream face and downstream slope 0.8:1. Considering hydrostatic water pressure, uplift pressure with drainage gallery, and silt pressure, calculate: (i) the eccentricity of the resultant force, (ii) factors of safety against overturning and sliding, and (iii) maximum vertical compressive stress at the toe. (Assume unit weight of concrete = 24 kN/m^3 and coefficient of friction μ = 0.7).
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Baisakh
#3Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Dams and Headworks
Explain the forces acting on a gravity dam: self-weight, hydrostatic water pressure, uplift pressure, silt pressure, wave pressure, ice pressure, and earthquake inertia forces.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2075 Bhadra
#4Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Dams and Headworks
Explain the stability criteria of a concrete gravity dam: factor of safety against overturning ($FSO \ge 1.5$), sliding factor of safety ($FSS \ge 1.0$), shear friction factor ($SFF \ge 3.0$), and normal stresses at toe and heel (no tension condition).
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Chaitra2079 Baishakh2076 Chaitra
#5Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Dams and Headworks
Describe the components and seepage control in earth and rockfill dams: clay core, transition filters, rock shell, rock toe, relief wells, and cutoff trenches.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Baishakh2078 Chaitra

Water Conveyance System

9 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain the functions, hydraulic design criteria, and types of power intakes. Describe the Tyrolean (bottom trench) intake and side intake with neat sketches, and discuss trash rack design and head loss calculation.
Appeared in:2082 Kartik2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain why a desanding basin (settling basin) is indispensable in sediment-laden Himalayan rivers in Nepal. Explain the settling mechanics of suspended sediment particles, Camp's settling velocity equation, and design the length, width, and hopper volume of a settling basin.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Baisakh
#3Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain the functions and location of a surge tank in a high-head hydropower development. Compare simple, restricted-orifice, and differential surge tanks with neat sketches. Formulate the differential equations of water surface oscillation in a simple surge tank.
Appeared in:2082 Kartik2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra
#4Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Water Conveyance System
A steel penstock pipe has an internal diameter of 1.5 m. It is designed to carry water under a static head of 120 m with a 30% allowance for water hammer pressure rise. Calculate the required penstock shell plate thickness using an allowable design stress of 120 N/mm^2 and a joint efficiency of 85%.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2082 Kartik2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2075 Baisakh
#5Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain the structural functions of anchor blocks and saddle supports along an exposed surface penstock. Determine the dynamic and hydrostatic forces acting on an anchor block located at a vertical bend in a penstock pipe.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#6Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain the settling velocity of sediment particles using Stokes' Law and Camp's sediment settling theory. Design the surface area and length of a settling basin for removing quartz particles of size $d \ge 0.2\text{ mm}$.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2076 Chaitra2074 Bhadra
#7Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain water hammer analysis in penstock pipes using Allievi's equations. What is the critical time of valve closure ($T_c = 2L/a$), and how does water hammer pressure vary for rapid versus slow valve closure?
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2077 Magh2075 Bhadra
#8Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Explain the hydraulic design of a headrace tunnel: horse-shoe, D-shaped, and circular sections. Discuss Manning's roughness coefficient for unlined rock, shotcreted, and concrete lined tunnels.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2077 Chaitra
#9Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Water Conveyance System
Differentiate between simple surge tank, restricted orifice surge tank, and differential surge tank. Explain the maximum upsurge and downsurge equations during complete rejection and acceptance of load.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Chaitra

Spillways and Energy Dissipation

4 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Spillways and Energy Dissipation
What is a spillway? Classify spillways based on hydraulic features: Ogee spillway, Chute spillway, Side-channel spillway, and Shaft (morning glory) spillway. Write down the discharge equation for an Ogee crest spillway: Q = C * L * He^(3/2).
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2074
#2Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Spillways and Energy Dissipation
Explain energy dissipation arrangements below spillways. Describe the design principles of hydraulic jump stilling basins (USBR Type II and III), roller buckets, and ski-jump flip buckets with neat sketches.
Appeared in:2082 Kartik2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2076 Baisakh2075 Bhadra
#3Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Spillways and Energy Dissipation
Derive the discharge equation for an Ogee spillway: $Q = C_d L_e H_e^{3/2}$ where effective length $L_e = L - 2(N K_p + K_a)H_e$. Explain the profile coordinates ($y/H_d = -K(x/H_d)^n$) based on USBR / WES standards.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2075 Chaitra
#4Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Spillways and Energy Dissipation
Explain the hydraulic jump energy dissipator below spillways. Derive the conjugate depth equation: $\frac{y_2}{y_1} = \frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{1 + 8Fr_1^2} - 1)$ and explain USBR Stilling Basin types (Type II, III, IV) with chute blocks and baffle piers.
Appeared in:2081 Bhadra2079 Baishakh2077 Magh2074 Chaitra

Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse

8 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
Classify hydraulic turbines into impulse and reaction types. Explain the working principles, velocity triangles, and operational head/discharge ranges for Pelton wheels, Francis turbines, and Kaplan turbines.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Baisakh
#2Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
In a hydropower project, the net head is 30 m and available discharge is 180 m^3/s. The rotational speed is 150 rpm and turbine overall efficiency is 90%. If a Kaplan turbine with specific speed 620 is selected, determine the number of generating units required and power output per unit.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra2073
#3Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
What is a draft tube? Explain its functions in reaction turbines and prove using Bernoulli's theorem that the pressure at the runner exit is below atmospheric pressure. Explain draft tube efficiency.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Baisakh
#4Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
Explain cavitation in reaction hydraulic turbines. Define Thoma's cavitation parameter σ and explain how the turbine runner setting height with respect to tailrace water level (Hs) is determined to prevent cavitation.
Appeared in:2082 Kartik2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Baisakh
#5Repeated 4 Times[6 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
Describe the general layout and structural dimensions of an underground and surface powerhouse. Describe the machine hall, transformer cavern, tailrace tunnel, and auxiliary electrical/mechanical plant components.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#6Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
Define specific speed ($N_s = \frac{N \sqrt{P}}{H^{5/4}}$) of a hydraulic turbine. Derive this formula from dimensionless unit parameters and show how specific speed is used to select Pelton, Francis, or Kaplan turbines for a given head and discharge.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2076 Bhadra2074 Bhadra
#7Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
Describe the governing mechanism of hydraulic turbines: electro-hydraulic governors, servomotor operation, deflector mechanism in Pelton turbines, and wicket gate adjustment in Francis turbines.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Chaitra2078 Bhadra
#8Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Hydraulic Turbines & Powerhouse
Explain the advantages and structural layout of an underground powerhouse versus a surface powerhouse. Describe the machine hall, transformer cavern, surge chamber, and tailrace tunnel arrangements.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra