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Energy,Environment and Society

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Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Energy,Environment and Society with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.

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Complete questions from each exam session (Regular & Back exams from 2082 to 2069) for Energy,Environment and Society. Click any session paper to expand.

Showing 90 questions across 13 exam session papers

Institute of Engineering • 2082 Chaitra Board Examination

Q1[5 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Differentiate between climate change adaptation and climate change mitigation. Define climate change and climate variability, and list out the challenges and impacts of climate change in Nepal.

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2076 Bhadra

Q2[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Classify Energy Resources into Primary, Secondary, Commercial, Non-Commercial, Renewable, and Non-Renewable sources. Analyze Nepal's current energy consumption scenario and excessive dependence on biomass and imported fossil fuels.

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2078 Bhadra

Q3[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society📐 Diagram in Paper

Describe Solar Photovoltaic (PV) power generation. Explain the equivalent circuit of a PV cell, I-V and P-V characteristic curves, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), and components of grid-tied vs off-grid solar systems.

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

Q4[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS). Derive Betz's Law proving that the maximum theoretical aerodynamic power extraction efficiency is

C_{p, ma x} = 16/27 \approx 59.3%

. Compare horizontal-axis (HAWT) and vertical-axis (VAWT) wind turbines.

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

Q5[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Biomass Energy and Biogas technology in Nepal. Describe anaerobic digestion biochemical stages (Hydrolysis, Acidogenesis, Acetogenesis, Methanogenesis) and components of a fixed-dome Gorkha-type biogas plant.

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

Q6[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Small and Micro Hydro Power (MHP) generation. Detail run-of-river scheme layout: Diversion Weir, Intake, Desilting Basin, Headrace Canal, Forebay, Penstock Pipe, Turbine, and Tailrace. Calculate hydraulic power

P = η ρ g Q H

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2078 Kartik

Q7[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Air Pollution sources, primary vs secondary pollutants (

P M_{2.5}, P M_{10}, S O_{x}, N O_{x}, C O, O_{3}

), and industrial particulate emission control equipment (Cyclone Separators, Fabric Filters/Baghouses, and Electrostatic Precipitators - ESP).

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

Q8[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming. Describe major greenhouse gases (

C O_{2}, C H_{4}, N_{2} O, C F C s

), Global Warming Potential (GWP), and international climate policy mechanisms (UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol CDM, and the Paris Agreement).

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

Q9[6 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Acid Rain formation mechanisms and impacts on aquatic ecosystems, soils, and historic buildings. Explain Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and the Montreal Protocol phaseout of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2078 Bhadra

Q10[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) according to Nepal's Environment Protection Act (EPA). Detail the EIA process: Screening, Scoping, Baseline Data Collection, Impact Prediction, Public Hearing, Mitigation Plan, and Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

Q11[6 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Define Sustainable Development. Explain the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs: SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy, SDG 11 Sustainable Cities, SDG 13 Climate Action) and the Triple Bottom Line (People, Planet, Profit).

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

Q12[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Describe Solid Waste Management principles. Explain the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), sanitary landfill design with leachate collection systems, and municipal waste composting.

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2078 Kartik

Q13[8 Marks]Ethics and Professionalism

Explain Professional Ethics and Code of Conduct for Engineers established by Nepal Engineering Council (NEC). Discuss Conflict of Interest, Whistleblowing, Public Safety obligations, and Intellectual Property Rights.

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

Q14[6 Marks]Ethics and Professionalism

Discuss Technology and Society: Appropriate Technology transfer in developing countries, socio-economic impacts of automation and artificial intelligence, and gender equity in engineering projects.

Also appeared in:2081 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

Q15[8 Marks]Technology, Environment and Society

Explain Energy Auditing and Demand Side Management (DSM). Compare Preliminary and Detailed Energy Audits for industrial plants. Explain energy conservation opportunities in electric motors, lighting, boilers, and compressed air systems.

Also appeared in:2080 Chaitra2078 Bhadra