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Construction Management

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8th-sem_Construction Management.pdf

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Most Frequently Asked Questions

Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Construction Management with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.

Showing 30 of 30 top repeated questions

Introduction and Organization

2 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Introduction and Organization
Define management and construction management. What are the roles, relationships, and responsibilities among the three main construction project actors: Client (Owner), Consultant (Engineer), and Contractor for smooth project execution?
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Introduction and Organization
Describe organizational structures for construction projects: Line organization, Line and Staff organization, Functional organization, and Matrix organization. Discuss their advantages and disadvantages for large infrastructure works.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2079 Chaitra

Site Management and Record Keeping

1 Question
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Site Management and Record Keeping
Explain the duties and responsibilities of a Site Engineer on a construction project. What are the purposes and legal importance of: (i) Site Order Book, (ii) Measurement Book (MB), and (iii) Muster Roll?
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2077 Chaitra2074

Project Planning and Scheduling

5 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[10 Marks]Project Planning and Scheduling
Explain the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). For a given project network, calculate Early Start (ES), Early Finish (EF), Late Start (LS), Late Finish (LF), Total Float (TF), and Free Float (FF), and identify the critical path and project completion time.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Project Planning and Scheduling
Explain the concept of project time-cost trade-off (Project Crashing). Given normal duration, crash duration, normal cost, crash cost, and indirect cost per week, determine the optimum duration of the project and the corresponding minimum total cost.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2077 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#3Repeated 4 Times[10 Marks]Project Planning and Scheduling
A construction project consists of 8 activities with given precedence relationships and durations. Compute Early Start (ES), Early Finish (EF), Late Start (LS), Late Finish (LF), Total Float (TF), Free Float (FF), and Independent Float (IF). Identify the critical path.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Baishakh2078 Bhadra2075 Chaitra
#4Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Project Planning and Scheduling
Explain PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) three-time estimates: optimistic time ($t_o$), most likely time ($t_m$), and pessimistic time ($t_p$). Compute expected duration $t_e = \frac{t_o + 4t_m + t_p}{6}$ and standard deviation $\sigma = \frac{t_p - t_o}{6}$, and find project completion probability using standard normal distribution ($Z$).
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Chaitra2079 Baishakh2076 Chaitra
#5Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Project Planning and Scheduling
Explain Bar Chart (Gantt Chart) and Milestone Chart. What are their limitations for complex construction projects, and how are network techniques (CPM/PERT) superior?
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Chaitra2077 Magh

Procurement and Tendering

3 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Procurement and Tendering
Differentiate between pre-qualification and post-qualification of contractors. What are the major steps involved during the preparation of bidding documents, issuance of notice, bid opening, and evaluation of tenders as per the Public Procurement Act (PPA) of Nepal?
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra
#2Repeated 4 Times[8 Marks]Procurement and Tendering
Explain the public procurement process in Nepal according to the Public Procurement Act (PPA) 2063 and PPR 2064: preparation of bid documents, notice publication, e-bidding, bid opening, technical and financial evaluation, and contract award.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2081 Baishakh2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Procurement and Tendering
Explain Bid Security (Earnest Money), Performance Security, Advance Payment Guarantee (APG), and Retention Money. Specify their standard percentages, validity periods, and conditions for release/forfeiture.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2076 Chaitra

Contracts and Law

5 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Contracts and Law
Compare different types of construction contracts: Unit Price (Item Rate) Contract, Lump Sum Contract, Cost-Plus-Percentage/Fee Contract, and EPC/Turnkey Contracts, stating their suitability.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Contracts and Law
Explain the contractual clauses and significance of: (i) Performance Security, (ii) Mobilization Advance and its recovery, (iii) Retention Money, (iv) Liquidated Damages, (v) Defect Liability Period (DLP), and (vi) Dispute resolution through Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB) and Arbitration.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra2074
#3Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Contracts and Law
Explain FIDIC Conditions of Contract (Red Book, Yellow Book, Silver Book). What are the contractual roles, duties, and authorities of the Employer, Engineer, and Contractor?
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Bhadra2077 Chaitra
#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Contracts and Law
Describe dispute resolution mechanisms in construction contracts: Amicable Settlement, Dispute Adjudication Board (DAB), Mediation, and Arbitration according to the Arbitration Act of Nepal and UNCITRAL rules.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#5Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Contracts and Law
Explain Variation Orders (VO), Extension of Time (EoT), Liquidated Damages (LD), and Price Adjustment formulas in construction contracts.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2078 Chaitra

Quality Control and Safety

3 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Quality Control and Safety
What is Total Quality Management (TQM) and Quality Assurance (QA) in construction projects? Describe Quality Control (QC) inspection and testing protocols for earthwork compaction, reinforcement steel, and structural concrete.
Appeared in:2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2077 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[5 Marks]Quality Control and Safety
What are the common causes of construction site accidents? As in-charge of safety for a mega infrastructure project, what safety management plan, safety protocols, and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) would you enforce?
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra
#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Quality Control and Safety
Describe the Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) for a road and bridge project. Explain inspection and testing plans, non-conformance reports (NCR), and statistical quality control using control charts.
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra

Material and Equipment Management

5 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Material and Equipment Management
How do you classify construction materials according to ABC analysis? Elaborate with a suitable example. Explain the material provisioning and inventory control process in detail, and discuss the importance of Value Engineering in construction projects.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2076 Bhadra2074
#2Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Material and Equipment Management
What factors should be considered when selecting construction equipment? Discuss the merits and demerits of equipment mechanization versus labor-intensive construction. Enlist the heavy equipment used in earthwork and road construction and explain the functions of an excavator, motor grader, and roller.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#3Repeated 4 Times[6 Marks]Material and Equipment Management
What is a material handling system and why is it useful in construction work? What key factors must be considered for preparing the job layout of a construction site for a large-scale hydropower or highway project?
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2077 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#4Repeated 3 Times[8 Marks]Material and Equipment Management
Explain the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model: $EOQ = \sqrt{\frac{2 D S}{H}}$ where $D$ is annual demand, $S$ is ordering cost, and $H$ is holding cost per unit per year. Define buffer stock, re-order level, and safety stock.
Appeared in:2081 Bhadra2079 Baishakh2077 Magh
#5Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Material and Equipment Management
Explain depreciation of construction equipment. Compare Straight-Line method, Declining Balance method, and Sum-of-the-Years'-Digits method with illustrative examples.
Appeared in:2082 Bhadra2080 Baishakh2076 Bhadra

Specifications and Valuation

3 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[5 Marks]Specifications and Valuation
Define technical specification and explain its types: general specification, detailed specification, performance specification, and proprietary specification. Discuss the principles and guidelines for drafting unambiguous technical specifications.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 5 Times[8 Marks]Specifications and Valuation
Define valuation and explain how software tools aid engineers in valuation. A prospective investor desires to purchase 150,000 sq ft of land for developing a housing colony to sell plots at Rs. 9,000 per sq ft. With given deductions for roads/parks (30%), development costs, engineer fees, and 20% desired net profit, work out the valuation of the undeveloped land per sq ft.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2081 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra2076 Bhadra
#3Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Specifications and Valuation
What is rate analysis? Explain the breakdown of costs in rate analysis: basic material cost, labor cost, equipment/machinery cost, contractor's overhead and profit (15%), and value-added tax (VAT).
Appeared in:2083 Baishakh2081 Chaitra2078 Bhadra

Personnel and Labor Management

1 Question
#1Repeated 5 Times[6 Marks]Personnel and Labor Management
What is leadership? Discuss different leadership styles (autocratic, democratic/participative, and laissez-faire) and explain which style is most effective in managing construction laborers and site staff.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2077 Chaitra2075 Bhadra

Maintenance Management

2 Questions
#1Repeated 5 Times[5 Marks]Maintenance Management
Why is maintenance management important in civil engineering infrastructure? Differentiate between routine maintenance, preventive maintenance, breakdown (corrective) maintenance, and periodic rehabilitation with practical examples.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2078 Chaitra2077 Chaitra2075 Bhadra
#2Repeated 3 Times[6 Marks]Maintenance Management
Explain life cycle costing (LCC) in infrastructure projects. Compare preventive maintenance, predictive maintenance, and breakdown maintenance strategies for highway and hydraulic structures.
Appeared in:2082 Chaitra2080 Chaitra2079 Chaitra

Curriculum Syllabus & Course Topics

Sourced from TU curriculum portal
Full Syllabus (PDF)
Chapter-wise Units & Micro-Syllabus Topics (10 Units)

  1. 1. Introduction and Organization

    4

  2. 2. Site Management and Record Keeping

    4

  3. 3. Project Planning and Scheduling

    8

  4. 4. Procurement and Tendering

    5

  5. 5. Contracts and Law

    6

  6. 6. Quality Control and Safety

    5

  7. 7. Material and Equipment Management

    4

  8. 8. Specifications and Valuation

    4

  9. 9. Personnel and Labor Management

    3

  10. 10. Maintenance Management

    2