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ENCT 201Bachelor in Electronics, Communication and Information Engineering · Semester 31 Paper Available

Computer Graphics and Visualization

Past examination question papers and complete curriculum syllabus for Computer Graphics and Visualization (ENCT 201), Bachelor in Electronics, Communication and Information Engineering Semester 3 under Institute of Engineering (IOE), Tribhuvan University.

Sem 3 Subjects (6)View Full Semester Overview →
ENSH 201Engineering Mathematics IIIENSH 204Communication EnglishENCT 201Computer Graphics and VisualizationENEX 201MicroprocessorsENEX 202Advanced ElectronicsENEE 204Control System
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3rd-sem_Computer Graphics & Visualization.pdf

IOE Past Examination Paper

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Most Frequently Asked Questions

Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Computer Graphics and Visualization with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.

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Year-wise & Session-wise Exam Papers

Complete questions from each exam session (Regular & Back exams from 2082 to 2069) for Computer Graphics and Visualization. Click any session paper to expand.

Showing 280 questions across 24 exam session papers
Institute of Engineering • 2083 Baishakh Board Examination
Q1[4 Marks]Introduction and Application
A raster display system has a resolution of pixels. It uses 24 bits per pixel to store color information. Calculate the total memory required for the frame buffer in MB. If the screen is refreshed at 60 frames per second, what is the data rate (in MB/s) required to refresh the display?
Q2[3 Marks]Introduction and Application
Why OpenGL required? Explain about color commands.
Q3[5 Marks]Raster Graphics and Algorithms
Derive the Bresenham's line algorithm. Digitize a circle with radius and centered at .
Q4[4 Marks]2D and 3D Coordinate Systems and Viewing Transformations
(a) Reflect object about the plane [6] (b) Derive the perspective projection for the case that projection reference point is at origin.
Q5[7 Marks]Curve Modeling and Surface Modelling
Two Bezier curve segments are as follows: first segment, and second segment: . Find the values of and such that the curves join with continuity.
Q6[10 Marks]Visible Surface Determination
Discuss about back face removal algorithm? Write the different between Z-Buffer and A-Buffer method.
Q7[5 Marks]Raster Graphics and Algorithms
(a) Derive the composite matrix for rotation of a point about arbitrary pivot position. [6] (b) Clip the line with and with clip window having diagonal coordinate and using Liang-Barskey line clipping method.
Q8[4 Marks]Introduction and Application
Can we use geometric table to represent a 3D object? If yes explain with example. Also write the conditions to generate error free table.
Q9[4 Marks]Illumination and Surface Rendering Methods
(a) Explain in detail about illumination model and rendering method. Compute the total intensity for each RGB component for given data: Material coefficients: Light intensities: Given: [4+4] (b) Explain in detail about Gouraud shading model with example. Which one is more realistic Gouraud or Phong shading and why?

Curriculum Syllabus & Course Topics

Sourced from TU curriculum portal
Full Syllabus (PDF)
Chapter-wise Units & Micro-Syllabus Topics (8 Units)

  1. 1. Introduction and Application

    • 1.1History of computer graphics
    • 1.2Overview of graphic systems
    • 1.2.1Video display devices: Raster‐scan displays, random-scan displays, flat panel displays, three-dimensional viewing devices
    • 1.2.2Graphics software and tools: Coordinate representations, graphics functions, software standards, PHIGS workstations, DirectX, OpenGL, WebGL, Maya, Blender, Unity
    • 1.3Graphics pipeline
    • 1.3.1Two‐dimensional (2D) viewing pipeline
    • 1.3.2Three‐dimensional (3D) viewing pipeline
    • 1.4Applications in various fields like medicine, engineering, art, uses in augmented and virtual realism

  2. 2. Raster Graphics and Algorithms

    • 2.1Rasterizing a point
    • 2.2Rasterizing a straight line: DDA line algorithm, Bresenham’s line algorithm
    • 2.3Rasterizing a circle and an ellipse: Mid‐point circle and ellipse algorithm
    • 2.4Scan-line polygon fill algorithm
    • 2.5Scan-line fill of curved boundary areas
    • 2.6Boundary-fill algorithm
    • 2.7Flood-fill algorithm
    • 2.8Point clipping
    • 2.9Line clipping
    • 2.9.1Cohen‐Sutherland line clipping
    • 2.9.2Liang‐Barsky line clipping
    • 2.10Polygon clipping: Weiler-Atherton polygon clipping
    • 2.11Text clipping

  3. 3. 2D and 3D Coordinate Systems and Viewing Transformations

    • 3.12D transformation: Translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, shear
    • 3.22D composite transformation
    • 3.3Window-to-viewport coordinate transformation
    • 3.43D display methods
    • 3.4.1Parallel projection
    • 3.4.2Perspective projection
    • 3.53D transformation: Translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, shear
    • 3.63D composite transformation
    • 3.7Projection and viewing transformation

  4. 4. Curve Modeling and Surface Modelling

    • 4.1Introduction to parametric cubic curves, splines, Bezier curves
    • 4.2Surface modeling (Polygon surface, vertex table, edge table, polygon table, surface normal and spatial orientation of surfaces)

  5. 5. Visible Surface Determination

    • 5.1Image space and object space techniques
    • 5.2Back face detection, Z‐Buffer, A‐Buffer, Scan‐Line method

  6. 6. Illumination and Surface Rendering Methods

    • 6.1Algorithms to simulate ambient, diffuse and specular reflections
    • 6.2Constant, Gouraud, Phong and Fast Phong shading models

  7. 7. Computer Animation and Visualization

    • 7.1Computer animation functions
    • 7.2Raster animations
    • 7.3Key-frame systems
    • 7.4Motion specifications
    • 7.4.1Direct-motion specifications
    • 7.4.2Goal-directed systems
    • 7.4.3Kinematics and dynamics

  8. 8. Latest Trends in Computer Graphics

    • 8.1Interactive visualization
    • 8.2Distributed scene rendering
    • 8.3Augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR)
    • 8.4Game development and real-time graphics
    • 8.5Applications of AR, VR and gaming

Examination Scheme & Marks Distribution

Evaluation Structure

  • Final Board Theory Exam: 60 Marks (Pass mark: 24)
  • Internal Assessment: 40 Marks (Pass mark: 16)
  • Practical / Lab Exam: 25 or 50 Marks (Continuous lab evaluation + viva, where applicable)

* This is the general current IOE 60/40 scheme; verify course-specific details in the syllabus above.

Exam Preparation Guidelines

  • Review the available past examination paper to understand question styling, typical derivation topics, and marks allocation.
  • Cross-reference key answers with official syllabus units, standard textbooks, and lecture notes.
  • Structure answers with labeled diagrams, concise bullet points, and highlight final answers in numerical solutions.
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Curriculum Syllabus & Marking Scheme