Computer Graphics and Visualization
Past examination question papers and complete curriculum syllabus for Computer Graphics and Visualization (ENCT 201), Bachelor in Electronics, Communication and Information Engineering Semester 3 under Institute of Engineering (IOE), Tribhuvan University.
Past Question Papers (PDF)
Switch tabs to view different exam papers3rd-sem_Computer Graphics & Visualization.pdf
IOE Past Examination Paper
Document information: This past examination paper is identified as an IOE/TU academic document and was cataloged from a public Google Drive archive. This independent website did not create the examination paper and is not affiliated with TU or IOE.
Rights holders can request correction or removal by emailing subeshgaming@gmail.com with this page URL and supporting details.
Most Frequently Asked Questions
Top recurring IOE board exam questions for Computer Graphics and Visualization with verified mark schemes, formula notation, and recurrence frequency.
Year-wise & Session-wise Exam Papers
Complete questions from each exam session (Regular & Back exams from 2082 to 2069) for Computer Graphics and Visualization. Click any session paper to expand.
Curriculum Syllabus & Course Topics
Sourced from TU curriculum portalChapter-wise Units & Micro-Syllabus Topics (8 Units)
1. Introduction and Application
- 1.1History of computer graphics
- 1.2Overview of graphic systems
- 1.2.1Video display devices: Raster‐scan displays, random-scan displays, flat panel displays, three-dimensional viewing devices
- 1.2.2Graphics software and tools: Coordinate representations, graphics functions, software standards, PHIGS workstations, DirectX, OpenGL, WebGL, Maya, Blender, Unity
- 1.3Graphics pipeline
- 1.3.1Two‐dimensional (2D) viewing pipeline
- 1.3.2Three‐dimensional (3D) viewing pipeline
- 1.4Applications in various fields like medicine, engineering, art, uses in augmented and virtual realism
2. Raster Graphics and Algorithms
- 2.1Rasterizing a point
- 2.2Rasterizing a straight line: DDA line algorithm, Bresenham’s line algorithm
- 2.3Rasterizing a circle and an ellipse: Mid‐point circle and ellipse algorithm
- 2.4Scan-line polygon fill algorithm
- 2.5Scan-line fill of curved boundary areas
- 2.6Boundary-fill algorithm
- 2.7Flood-fill algorithm
- 2.8Point clipping
- 2.9Line clipping
- 2.9.1Cohen‐Sutherland line clipping
- 2.9.2Liang‐Barsky line clipping
- 2.10Polygon clipping: Weiler-Atherton polygon clipping
- 2.11Text clipping
3. 2D and 3D Coordinate Systems and Viewing Transformations
- 3.12D transformation: Translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, shear
- 3.22D composite transformation
- 3.3Window-to-viewport coordinate transformation
- 3.43D display methods
- 3.4.1Parallel projection
- 3.4.2Perspective projection
- 3.53D transformation: Translation, rotation, scaling, reflection, shear
- 3.63D composite transformation
- 3.7Projection and viewing transformation
4. Curve Modeling and Surface Modelling
- 4.1Introduction to parametric cubic curves, splines, Bezier curves
- 4.2Surface modeling (Polygon surface, vertex table, edge table, polygon table, surface normal and spatial orientation of surfaces)
5. Visible Surface Determination
- 5.1Image space and object space techniques
- 5.2Back face detection, Z‐Buffer, A‐Buffer, Scan‐Line method
6. Illumination and Surface Rendering Methods
- 6.1Algorithms to simulate ambient, diffuse and specular reflections
- 6.2Constant, Gouraud, Phong and Fast Phong shading models
7. Computer Animation and Visualization
- 7.1Computer animation functions
- 7.2Raster animations
- 7.3Key-frame systems
- 7.4Motion specifications
- 7.4.1Direct-motion specifications
- 7.4.2Goal-directed systems
- 7.4.3Kinematics and dynamics
8. Latest Trends in Computer Graphics
- 8.1Interactive visualization
- 8.2Distributed scene rendering
- 8.3Augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR)
- 8.4Game development and real-time graphics
- 8.5Applications of AR, VR and gaming
Examination Scheme & Marks Distribution
Evaluation Structure
- Final Board Theory Exam: 60 Marks (Pass mark: 24)
- Internal Assessment: 40 Marks (Pass mark: 16)
- Practical / Lab Exam: 25 or 50 Marks (Continuous lab evaluation + viva, where applicable)
* This is the general current IOE 60/40 scheme; verify course-specific details in the syllabus above.
Exam Preparation Guidelines
- Review the available past examination paper to understand question styling, typical derivation topics, and marks allocation.
- Cross-reference key answers with official syllabus units, standard textbooks, and lecture notes.
- Structure answers with labeled diagrams, concise bullet points, and highlight final answers in numerical solutions.